What is Curiosity Essay -- Psychology, Piaget

What is Curiosity, why do babies differ in intelligence, personality and characteristics as they grow up? Some people become good citizens, and some grow up to be bad citizens who become dangerous to the community. Philosophers tried to find out and explain these questions that were observed in individuals. There are many developmentalists whom offered different theories to explain human development. Theories of development include, psychoanalytic, learning, cognitive, biological and evolutionary, and system theories (Boyd, 2009), and we are discussing Piaget’s cognitive theory below. Jean Piaget was a Swiss psychologist, and his cognitive- development theory is one of the most influential theories in history. According to his theory, every individual begin their life with a little skills of motor and sensory scheme like looking, touching, hearing, reaching and tasting. In his theory, scheme is an internal cognitive structure that makes available a procedure to follow in a particular condition. Just like, when we pick up something, we use our picking up scheme, and throwing that thing to someone, we use our looking, aiming and throwing scheme. The scheme gets better or works better as we use every time. There are also mental schemes that allow us to think logically and use symbols. This scheme mostly develops during childhood and adolescence. Assimilation, equilibration and accommodation are three processes that Peaget proposed to explain how schemes used in childhood, adolescence and adulthood. Using scheme to make sense of experience or an event is t he assimilation process. Accommodation is the process of changing the scheme if there is some new information result. The third process equilibration is balan... ...ton of feathers? Both answered, a ton of stone and a ton of feathers is equal. So, I believe some children can be ready for some formal education earlier than age nine or ten. I also observed girls play differently, and like different toys than boys. Conclusion: Since human development explained differently by many developmentalists, some explanations are agreeable and some are not. But their ideas still influence many of us. The methods which are used to study children’s development, helps understand changes across the human lifespan. We have learned from Jean Piaget’s the cognitive theory that there are stages, and substages for logical thinking, and how the child builds different types of scheme, and the universal changes in thinking happen in the early childhood. I agree that this exercise assisted me to gain understanding the point of the theory. What is Curiosity Essay -- Psychology, Piaget What is Curiosity, why do babies differ in intelligence, personality and characteristics as they grow up? Some people become good citizens, and some grow up to be bad citizens who become dangerous to the community. Philosophers tried to find out and explain these questions that were observed in individuals. There are many developmentalists whom offered different theories to explain human development. Theories of development include, psychoanalytic, learning, cognitive, biological and evolutionary, and system theories (Boyd, 2009), and we are discussing Piaget’s cognitive theory below. Jean Piaget was a Swiss psychologist, and his cognitive- development theory is one of the most influential theories in history. According to his theory, every individual begin their life with a little skills of motor and sensory scheme like looking, touching, hearing, reaching and tasting. In his theory, scheme is an internal cognitive structure that makes available a procedure to follow in a particular condition. Just like, when we pick up something, we use our picking up scheme, and throwing that thing to someone, we use our looking, aiming and throwing scheme. The scheme gets better or works better as we use every time. There are also mental schemes that allow us to think logically and use symbols. This scheme mostly develops during childhood and adolescence. Assimilation, equilibration and accommodation are three processes that Peaget proposed to explain how schemes used in childhood, adolescence and adulthood. Using scheme to make sense of experience or an event is t he assimilation process. Accommodation is the process of changing the scheme if there is some new information result. The third process equilibration is balan... ...ton of feathers? Both answered, a ton of stone and a ton of feathers is equal. So, I believe some children can be ready for some formal education earlier than age nine or ten. I also observed girls play differently, and like different toys than boys. Conclusion: Since human development explained differently by many developmentalists, some explanations are agreeable and some are not. But their ideas still influence many of us. The methods which are used to study children’s development, helps understand changes across the human lifespan. We have learned from Jean Piaget’s the cognitive theory that there are stages, and substages for logical thinking, and how the child builds different types of scheme, and the universal changes in thinking happen in the early childhood. I agree that this exercise assisted me to gain understanding the point of the theory.

Financial Institutions in Financial Markets

A financial institution is an institution that issues deposits and other financial liabilities and invests predominantly in loans and other financial assets (Kidwell, Blackwell, & Whidbee, p. 636, 2008). Financial institutions include organizations such as banks, trust companies, insurance organization, pension, and mutual funds, and investment dealers or banks. In some shape or form individuals and corporations deal with a financial institution on a daily. Depositing money, taking out loans, currency exchange, or investing one has to go through a financial institution. There are several financial institutions three of the major financial institutions and the role they play in the financial market will be discussed in detail. Commercial Banks This is a bank that accepts deposits and makes consumers, commercial, and real estate loans (Saunders, & Cornett, p. 29, 2008). The largest groups of depository institutions that are measured by asset size are commercial banks. Commercial banks have similar functions as savings institutions and credit unions. The three accept deposits (Liabilities) and make loans (assets). The difference is in the arrangement of assets and liabilities, which are much more diverse. To meet the interest obligations to deposit, commercial banks carefully invest the assets in addition to extending loans to business and individuals. Enterprises of small and medium sized businesses are the greatest potential customers of the commercial banking area. Commercial banking has less influence over larger corporations there is a possibility for corporations to influence consumer behavior through the financial products offered. The role of commercial banks in the financial institution is essential because it offers a wide assortment of deposit accounts and serves both the public and private sector. Commercial banks are dominant depository institutions. Insurance Organization The primary function of insurance companies is to protect individuals and corporations from adverse events. In the financial institution, the insurance companies invest in financial securities, such as corporate bonds and stocks with the premiums collected. By accepting these premiums, insurance companies promise policyholders reimbursement if certain specified events occur. The importance of the insurance company in the role of financial institution is one that cannot be overlooked. It protects people and companies from the financial consequences of events whose risks are actuarially determinable. The financial health of the insurance company is the single most important purchase criterion; because an insurance contract is a promise by the insurance company to pay the insured if an event occurs. Investment Banks The possibility of the investment bank depends on the influence the investment bank has over the business. This type of financial institution specializes in the sale of new securities to the public or otherwise known as underwriter. Investment banking has the appeal of allowing one to make a large amount of money. The specialty is helping businesses and governments sell debt or equity in the primary markets to finance capital expenses. Restrictions are few on the range of activities in which investment banks can engage in. The one concern is the role of the financial institution between environmental performance and investment performance. Investment bankers study the market of the securities as well as maintaining relationship that provides a full range of the firm’s services to government agencies or corporate clients looking to raise capital. This requires creative thinking and the ability to leverage other product areas in the organization. The three financial institutions act as intermediaries between the net providers and borrowers of funds. The financial institutions specialize in varying types of financial assets and services and most of them are acquired through the market and organize them into a different and more widely preferable type of asset. Commercial banks, investment banks, and insurance companies facilitate the efficiency and growth of the economy as well as trading of existing securities. The major players in the financial market are very important to the financial market. In conclusion financial institutions create financial assets for customers and sell the assets to other markets for a profit. The functioning of these institutions is very important for an effective financial market and for the conduct of monetary policies. Commercial banks, insurance organizations, and investment banks have been explained separately and how each interacts with each other.

Carbon Dioxide The No. 1 Greenhouse Gas

Carbon is an essential building block for all life on earth. It is also the main atom making up fossil fuels’ chemical composition. It can also be found in the form of carbon dioxide, a gas which plays a central role in global climate change. What Is CO2? Carbon dioxide is a molecule made of three parts, a central carbon atom tied to two oxygen atoms. It is a gas making up only about 0.04% of our atmosphere, but it is an important component of the carbon cycle. Carbon molecules are real shapeshifters, often in solid form, but frequently changing phase from CO2 gas to liquid (as carbonic acid or carbonates), and back to a gas. The oceans contain vast amounts of carbon, and so does solid land: rock formations, soils, and all living things contain carbon. Carbon moves around between these different forms in a series of processes referred to as the carbon cycle – or more precisely a number of cycles that plays multiple crucial roles in the global climate change phenomenon. CO2 Is Part of Biological and Geological Cycles During a process called cellular respiration, plants and animals burn sugars to obtain energy. The sugar molecules contain a number of carbon atoms which during respiration are released in the form of carbon dioxide. Animals exhale excess carbon dioxide when they breathe, and plants release it mostly during nighttime. When exposed to sunlight, plants and algae pick up CO2 from the air and strip it of its carbon atom to use in building sugar molecules – the oxygen left behind is released in the air as O2. Carbon dioxide is also part of a much slower process: the geological carbon cycle. It has many components, and an important one is the transfer of carbon atoms from CO2 in the atmosphere to carbonates dissolved in the ocean. Once there, the carbon atoms are picked up by small marine organisms (mostly plankton) which make hard shells with it. After the plankton dies, the carbon shell sinks down to the bottom, joining scores of others and eventually forming limestone rock. Millions of years later that limestone may emerge to the surface, become weathered and release back the carbon atoms. The Release of Excess CO2 Is the Problem Coal, oil, and gas are fossil fuels made from the accumulation of aquatic organisms that are then subjected to high pressure and temperature. When we extract these fossil fuels and burn them, the carbon molecules once locked into the plankton and algae get released back in the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. If we look over any reasonable time frame (say, hundreds of thousands of years), the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere has been relatively stable, the natural releases being compensated by the amounts picked up by plants and algae. However, since we have been burning fossil fuels we have been adding a net amount of carbon in the air every year. Carbon Dioxide as a Greenhouse Gas In the atmosphere, carbon dioxide contributes with other molecules to the greenhouse effect. Energy from the sun gets reflected by the surface of the earth, and in the process it is transformed into a wavelength more easily intercepted by greenhouse gases, trapping the heat within the atmosphere instead of letting it reflect out into space. Carbon dioxide’s contribution to the greenhouse effect varies between 10 and 25 % depending on the location, immediately behind water vapor. An Upward Trend The concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere has varied over time, with significant ups and downs experienced by the planet over geological times. If we look at the last millennia however  we see a steep rise in carbon dioxide clearly starting with the industrial revolution. Since pre-1800 estimates the CO2 concentrations have risen by over 42% to current levels over 400 parts per million (ppm), driven by the burning of fossil fuels and by land clearing. How Exactly Do We Add CO2? As we entered an era defined by intense human activity, the Anthropocene, we have been adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere beyond the naturally occurring emissions. Most of this comes from the combustion of coal, oil, and natural gas. The energy industry, especially through carbon-fired power plants, is responsible for most of the world’s greenhouse gas emission – that share reaches 37% in the U.S., according to the Environmental Protection Agency. Transportation, including fossil fuel powered cars, trucks, trains, and ships, comes in second with 31% of emissions. Another 10% comes from the burning of fossil fuels to heat homes and businesses. Refineries and other industrial activities release a lot of carbon dioxide, led by the production of cement which is responsible for a surprisingly large amount of CO2 adding up to 5% of the total worldwide production. Land clearing is an important source of carbon dioxide emissions in many parts of the world. Burning slash and leaving soils exposed releases CO2. In countries where forests are making somewhat of a comeback, like in the United States, land use creates a net uptake of carbon as it gets mobilized by the growing trees. Reducing Our Carbon Footprint Lowering your carbon dioxide emissions can be done by adjusting your energy demand, making more environmentally sound decisions about your transportation needs, and re-evaluating your food choices. Both the Nature Conservancy and the EPA have useful carbon footprint calculators which can help you identify where in your lifestyle you can make the most difference. What Is Carbon Sequestration? Besides reducing emissions, there are actions we can take to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. The term carbon sequestration means capturing CO2 and putting it away in a stable form where it will not contribute to climate change. Such global warming mitigation measures include planting forests and injecting carbon dioxide in old wells or deep into porous geological formations.